In the Old Testament, fig trees are often used to symbolize Israel. This sermon explains how Israel's spiritual barrenness in Christ's time, led to judgement on their nation. The message in current times is the same as we will not bear eternal fruit without seeking Christ for faith and salvation.
The Beatitudes are a set of teachings delivered by Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount which outlines blessings and qualities valued in the Kingdom of Heaven. Christ describes blessings in the here and now, and not in the future. Think of them as not rewards, but a "gift" that God gives believers.